7 expert tips to keep your heavy machines running smoothly

Taking care of your excavator, bulldozer, or other construction machinery isn’t just routine, it’s essential. Regular preventive maintenance can save you from expensive repairs and unplanned downtime. Here are seven data-driven maintenance strategies to help you keep your equipment in top shape:

What are key preventive maintenance procedures for construction equipment?

The key to preventive maintenance relies on consistency. It’s like getting regular oil changes for your car, simple but essential. Regular inspections, timely part replacements, and proper cleaning are the key steps in a good maintenance routine.

Undercarriage parts account for up to 50% of total repair costs for excavators and other tracked machines. Therefore, focusing on preventive measures here can save money and extend service life.

What is the importance of heavy machinery fluid checks?

Fluids are essential for your machine, and low or dirty fluids can lead to serious issues. Here's why:

• Hydraulic Fluid: Dirty hydraulic oil can make your machine less efficient and wear out pumps and valves faster. Always use the fluid type recommended by the manufacturer and check it daily, especially after heavy use.

• Engine oil: Engine oil levels should be checked every 8 to 10 operating hours, and oil filters should be replaced after 250 hours on average, according to most manufacturers. If you see metal shavings in the oil, it could mean serious damage to internal parts.

Read more: What causes metal shavings in engine oil?

• Coolant: Even a small coolant loss can cause the engine to overheat. Regularly check the radiator, hoses, and fluid levels to avoid engine damage.

The best time to grease and lubricate your heavy equipment.

The best times for greasing and lubricating heavy equipment are at regular intervals based on the manufacturer’s recommendations, typically after every 8 to 10 hours of operation or at the start of each work shift. It's also essential to lubricate after using the equipment in harsh conditions, such as extreme temperatures or wet environments, to ensure optimal performance and prevent wear.

Undercarriage and track inspections

Taking care of the undercarriage is key for tracked machines like excavators. Poor maintenance can lead to costly repairs.

• Track Tension: Incorrect track tension wears out parts faster. Loose tracks can derail, while tight tracks wear out components too soon. Adjust tension based on the job and check it every 100 hours.

• Rollers & Sprockets: Worn sprockets and rollers cause uneven track wear, making the machine less efficient. Inspect them regularly, about every 500 hours, and replace worn sprockets to help the tracks last longer.

• Cleaning: Clean off mud and debris after using the machine to prevent rust. Leftover dirt can wear out undercarriage parts much faster.

Tire or track wear management

Properly managing wear on tires or tracks is crucial to avoid expensive replacements and keep the machine running efficiently.

• Track Wear: Worn tracks reduce traction and make the machine less efficient. Inspect wear patterns every 100 hours. Replace or rotate tracks if wear is uneven to avoid damaging other parts.

• Tire Wear: Uneven tire wear increases fuel use and lowers efficiency. Regularly check tire pressure and tread condition to save on fuel and prevent costly replacements.

How to spot heavy machinery problems early?

Detecting problems early can significantly reduce repair costs and prevent more extensive damage. Here are a few basic checks to perform daily:

• Visual inspection: Check for leaks, loose bolts, or worn parts. Spotting these early can prevent more extensive damage.

• Sound check: Strange sounds like grinding or squealing can indicate failing components. Hydraulic system leaks or low oil levels can cause these noises.

• Gauge & warning lights: Ignoring warning lights can lead to severe damage. Modern equipment often comes with built-in diagnostic tools, don’t ignore these alerts.

If you intend to buy a used skid steer loader, check out this article by Makana experts where we highlight 10 things to inspect to guarantee a great choice.

Best practices for equipment storage to prevent corrosion or wear

Storing your equipment properly can prevent damage and extend its lifespan. Here’s how to do it right:

• Store Indoors: Keeping your machines indoors protects them from sun, rain, and snow, which can cause rust and wear over time.

• Fluid Levels: Adjust fluid levels based on how long the machine will be stored. Either top off or drain fluids to avoid degradation, especially in humid conditions.

• Prevent Corrosion: Apply rust inhibitors to exposed metal parts and lubricate moving parts before storage. Maintain the battery by disconnecting it or using a trickle charger to keep it charged and in good shape.

Wrapping it up

Sure, heavy machine maintenance might feel like a hassle at times, but in the long run, it’s worth every minute. It keeps repair costs low, your projects on schedule, and your machinery in top shape for years to come. By staying on top of things like fluid levels, greasing schedules, and undercarriage care, you’re not just protecting your equipment, you’re investing in its future performance and value.